crumble
音标：
美音：/ˈkrʌmb(ə)l/，英音：/ˈkrʌmb(ə)l/
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Wales could have crumbled, but again showed the spirit that has won them so many admirers in this tournament, steadying the ship with renewed vigour in defence and flair in attack.
威尔士本可以崩溃，但在本届锦标赛中再次展现了为他们赢得如此众多仰慕者的精神，以新的防守活力和进攻天赋稳定了这艘船。
—BBC
The businessman said Moscow was banking on Ukrainian resistance crumbling in winter because of missile strikes on Ukrainian civilian energy facilities, although there is no evidence this will happen.
这位商人表示，莫斯科寄希望于乌克兰的抵抗力在冬季因导弹袭击乌克兰民用能源设施而崩溃，尽管没有证据表明这种情况会发生。
—Washington Post
Scotland’s discipline was crumbling – seven penalties conceded in the first half alone – while Fiji were playing all the rugby.
苏格兰的纪律正在崩溃——仅在上半场就丢了 7 个点球——而斐济则在打橄榄球。
—BBC
基本释意：
verb
break or fall apart into fragments
v. 崩裂，坍塌；（使）粉碎，（使）成碎屑；瓦解，崩溃；不再抵抗，无力应付
同义词：
fall apart,break down,collapse,crumple,tumble,decay,dilapidate
短释义：
To crumble is to come apart into tiny pieces. If the doughnuts you bring to work crumble before you get there, you co-workers will have nothing but crumbs to snack on.
崩溃就是分裂成小块。如果你带去上班的甜甜圈在你到达那里之前就碎了，你的同事们就只能吃面包屑了。
长释义：
Baked goods seem to crumble easily, but other things tend to crumble too: old houses, over time; sand castles; fragile ruins; and art objects made from clay. Anything that falls apart, especially into small bits, can be said to crumble. The root of the word is the Old English gecrymman, "to break into crumbs," which in turn comes from cruma, "crumb or fragment."
烘焙食品似乎很容易碎，但其他东西也容易碎：老房子，随着时间的推移；沙子城堡;脆弱的废墟；和用粘土制成的艺术品。任何分崩离析的东西，尤其是碎成小块的东西，都可以说是崩溃了。这个词的词根是古英语 gerymman，“碎成碎屑”，而它又来自 cruma，“碎屑或碎片”。
文学例句：
“Excellent,” giggled Mr. Peckleman, crumbling the thirty-two cards in his hand, wadding them up into one extremely flammable paper ball.
“太棒了，”佩克曼先生咯咯地笑着，将手中的三十二张牌揉成一团，揉成一个极其易燃的纸球。
—Mr. Lemoncello’s Library Olympics by Chris Grabenstein
We pass a crumbling brick mailbox and turn down a drive lined on both sides by massive trees without leaves.
我们经过一个摇摇欲坠的砖砌邮箱，拐进一条车道，车道两边都是没有叶子的大树。
—Odd One Out by Nic Stone
He left the road and took a trail that cut directly to the cliffs, winding up the chalky gray hill where the mesa plateau ended in crumbling shale above the red clay flats.
他离开大路，走上一条直接通往悬崖的小径，蜿蜒爬上白垩色的灰色山丘，台地高原的尽头是红色粘土平原上方破碎的页岩。
—Ceremony: by Leslie Marmon Silko
词源：
crumble (v.)late 15c., kremelen, "to break into small fragments" (transitive), from Old English crymelan, presumed frequentative of gecrymman "to break into crumbs," from cruma (see crumb). Intransitive sense of "fall into small pieces" is from 1570s.The -b- is from 16c., probably on analogy of crumb (where it also is an unetymological intrusion) or of French-derived words like humble, where it belongs. Related: Crumbled; crumbling. Old English gecrymman yielded Middle English crimen "to crumble" (transitive).As a noun, from 1570s as "a fragment," from 1947 in cookery as dessert dish with a crumb topping, British English. "The technique itself seems to have been a product of Second World War culinary making-do" [Ayto, "Diner’s Dictionary"].Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
crumble (v.)late 15c., kremelen，“分解成小碎片”（及物），来自古英语 crymelan，假定是 gecrymman“分解成碎屑”的频繁出现，来自 cruma（参见 crumb）。 “fall into small pieces”的不及物意义来自 1570 年代。-b- 来自 16c.，可能类似于 crumb（它也是一种非词源性的入侵）或源自法语的词，如 humble，它所属的地方。相关：崩溃；摇摇欲坠。古英语 gecrymman yield 中古英语 crimen “to crumble”（及物）。作为名词，从 1570 年代开始作为“片段”，从 1947 年开始在烹饪中作为带有面包屑配料的甜点盘，英式英语。 “这项技术本身似乎是第二次世界大战烹饪实践的产物”[Ayto，“Diner's Dictionary”]。相关条目及更多
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