dormant
音标：
英音/ ˈdɔːmənt / 美音/ ˈdɔːrmənt /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
It comes after calls by Stephen’s mother, Baroness Doreen Lawrence, for the dormant inquiry to be reopened.
此前，斯蒂芬的母亲多琳·劳伦斯男爵夫人呼吁重新启动暂停的调查。
—BBC
Archaeologists say that the hill is a dormant volcano and that ceramics recovered there so far suggest that humans have been using the site for several hundred years or more.
考古学家表示，这座山是一座休眠火山，迄今为止在那里发现的陶瓷表明人类已经使用该地点数百年或更长时间了。
—New York Times
The club is part of a scene that has sprung up after decades of lying dormant in some areas of Africa.
该俱乐部是非洲一些地区沉寂数十年后兴起的一个景象的一部分。
—BBC
基本释意：
adjective
inactive but capable of becoming active
（动物）冬眠的，（似）在深睡的；（植物或芽）休眠的；（火山）暂时不活动的，静止的；（疾病）潜伏期的；（纹章）（动物）卧睡的
同义词：
abeyant,hibernating,torpid,inactive,sleeping
短释义：
Volcanoes are described as dormant when they stay cool for a long time, without spewing hot lava and ash. They may have the ability to come to life, but they remain dormant, or inactive. Dormant comes from French dormir, “to sleep,” and it refers to living things that are on a break rather than things that have died. Being dormant is being temporarily at rest, although sometimes, as with some cancer cells, things become permanently — and thankfully — dormant.
那只老狗休眠了太久，他误以为是毛茸茸的门垫，但门垫很可能会保持休眠状态，或者不活跃，因为它没有生命：那只老狗体内还有一些生命。
长释义：
Volcanoes are described as dormant when they stay cool for a long time, without spewing hot lava and ash. They may have the ability to come to life, but they remain dormant, or inactive. Dormant comes from French dormir, “to sleep,” and it refers to living things that are on a break rather than things that have died. Being dormant is being temporarily at rest, although sometimes, as with some cancer cells, things become permanently — and thankfully — dormant.
当火山长时间保持凉爽而不喷出热熔岩和火山灰时，火山被描述为休眠状态。它们可能有能力复活，但它们仍然处于休眠状态或不活跃状态。休眠源自法语dormir，意为“睡觉”，它指的是处于休息状态的生物，而不是已经死亡的生物。休眠是指暂时处于休眠状态，尽管有时，就像某些癌细胞一样，事物会永久休眠——值得庆幸的是——休眠。
文学例句：
It had its dormant winter when it slept underground.
当它睡在地下时，它度过了休眠的冬天。
—Middlesex: A Novel by Jeffrey Eugenides
Sometimes, when he stared at it long enough, his eyes sliding out of focus, he thought he could see into the metal and sense a pulsing, dormant potential.
有时，当他凝视它足够长的时间，他的眼睛失去焦点时，他认为他可以看到金属并感觉到一种脉动的、潜在的潜力。
—Strange the Dreamer by Laini Taylor
“After it appeared, after years of being dormant in the Twelve Towns and attacking that boy in Boggs Ferry, we knew we had to tame it. To make it ours,” Barbatos said.
“它出现后，在十二镇蛰伏多年并攻击博格斯渡口的那个男孩之后，我们知道我们必须驯服它。让它成为我们的，”巴巴托斯说。
—Witchlings by Claribel A. Ortega
词源：
dormant (adj.)late 14c., “fixed in place,” from Old French dormant (12c.), present participle of dormir “to sleep,” from Latin dormire “to sleep,” from PIE root *drem- “to sleep” (source also of Old Church Slavonic dremati “to sleep, doze,” Greek edrathon “I slept,” Sanskrit drati “sleeps”).
Meaning “in a resting situation, lying down with the head on the forepaws” (in heraldry, of beasts) is from c. 1500. Meaning “sleeping, asleep” is from 1620s. General sense of “in a state of rest or inactivity” is from c. 1600. Of volcanoes from 1760.
The Neapolitans are never so much afraid of this fiery Mountain as when its Flames lie, as ’twere, dormant ; for then it is that they live in constant Fear of a fresh huge Eruption, or, much worse, an Earthquake. [from the entry for “Vesuvius” in Brice’s “Grand Gazetter Or Topographic Dictionary,” 1760]
Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
dormant (adj.)late 14c., “固定到位”，源自古法语 dormant (12c.)，dormir “睡觉”的现在分词，源自拉丁语 dormire“睡觉”，源自 PIE 词根 *drem-“睡觉” （也源自古教会斯拉夫语 dremati “睡觉，打瞌睡”，希腊语 edrathon “我睡了”，梵语 drati “睡觉”）。意思是“在休息的情况下，躺着，头放在前爪上”（在纹章中，是野兽的意思）来自c。 1500。意思是“睡觉，睡着了”来自1620年代。一般意义上的“处于休息或不活动状态”来自c。 1600年。从1760年开始的火山。那不勒斯人最害怕这座火热的山，当它的火焰处于休眠状态时。因为那时他们就生活在对新的巨大火山爆发，或者更糟糕的是地震的恐惧之中。 [摘自布莱斯《大地名词典或地形词典》中“维苏威火山”的条目，1760 年] 相关条目及更多
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