recluse
音标：
英音/ rɪˈkluːs / 美音/ ˈrekluːs /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
“The ‘culture’ of shame in Korea makes it more difficult for recluses to talk about their problems,” Mr Yoo said.
“韩国的羞耻‘文化’让隐士更难谈论他们的问题，”柳先生说。
—BBC
His concussion, he said, had caused his personality to change and turned him into a “self-imposed recluse” who got confused and felt unsafe.
他说，脑震荡导致他的性格发生变化，使他变成了一个“自我隐士”，感到困惑和不安全。
—New York Times
In his reserve, he left some observers with the incorrect impression that he was a recluse.
在他的保守中，他给一些观察家留下了错误的印象，认为他是一个隐士。
—Washington Post
基本释意：
noun
one who lives in solitude
隐士；隐居者
同义词：
hermit,solitary,solitudinarian,troglodyte,reclusive,withdrawn
短释义：
In the early 13th century, a recluse was a person who shut out the world to go meditate on religious issues. But nowadays recluses can think about whatever they want while they’re sitting in solitude — they’re simply people who shy away from social interaction and live secluded lives. Or think of the Brown Recluse spider, who likes to hide out in dark old boots or undisturbed corners of the basement.
隐士独自生活、独自工作、独自吃饭，通常远离其他人。反社会的老隐士是隐士，许多考试期间的学生也是隐士。
长释义：
In the early 13th century, a recluse was a person who shut out the world to go meditate on religious issues. But nowadays recluses can think about whatever they want while they’re sitting in solitude — they’re simply people who shy away from social interaction and live secluded lives. Or think of the Brown Recluse spider, who likes to hide out in dark old boots or undisturbed corners of the basement.
在13世纪初，隐士是指与世隔绝、冥想宗教问题的人。但现在的隐士，可以在独处的时候想什么就想什么，他们只不过是回避社交、过着与世隔绝的生活的人。或者想想棕色隐士蜘蛛，它喜欢躲在深色的旧靴子里或地下室不受干扰的角落里。
文学例句：
A form nearer to the Greek original, “anachoret,” is sometimes used of the early Christian recluses in the East.
有时使用一种更接近希腊原文“anachoret”的形式来指代东方早期的基督教隐士。
—Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, Volume 13, Slice 3
“Helmont, Jean” to “Hernosand” by Various
It was a beautiful morning when we started, and on the way we passed one or two small monasteries and numerous cells where hermits and recluses were living in retirement and meditation.
我们出发时是一个美丽的早晨，一路上我们经过了一两座小寺院和众多的牢房，隐士和隐士们在那里隐居和冥想。
—Mount Everest the Reconnaissance, 1921 by Howard-Bury, Charles Kenneth
My mother was born ten minutes before my aunt Julia, who seemed to have become some sort of a recluse that summer, rarely leaving her house and, according to my mom, “stinking to high heaven.”
我的母亲比我的姑妈朱莉娅早十分钟出生，那年夏天她似乎成了某种隐士，很少离开家，据我母亲说，“臭气熏天”。
—Where Things Come Back by John Corey Whaley
词源：
recluse (n.)c. 1200, “person shut up or withdrawn from the world and secular living for purposes of religious meditation,” originally and especially as a member of a religious community, from Old French reclus (fem. recluse) “hermit, recluse,” also “confinement, prison; convent, monastery,” noun use of reclus (adj.) “shut up,” from Late Latin reclusus, past participle of recludere “to shut up, enclose” (but in classical Latin “to throw open”), from Latin re-, here perhaps an intensive prefix (see re-), + claudere “to shut” (see close (v.)).
Also in part via Medieval Latin nouns reclusus, reclusa. By late 17c. in the secular and softened sense of “one who lives a retired life and mixes little in society.” Middle English also had a verb reclusen “to shut up (in some place), confine,” and the past-participle adjective reclused “living in seclusion” (c. 1200). Recluse as an adjective meaning “shut up or apart from the world” is attested from early 13c. Also in Middle English was reclusion “state of retirement from the world” (c. 1400), from Medieval Latin reclusionem.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
隐士 (n.)c. 1200，“出于宗教冥想的目的而与世界和世俗生活隔绝或退出的人”，最初特别是作为宗教团体的成员，源自古法语 reclus (fem. recluse) “隐士，隐士”，也“禁闭” ，监狱；修道院，修道院，”名词使用 reclus (adj.)“闭嘴”，来自后期拉丁语 reclusus，relucrere 的过去分词“闭嘴，围起来”（但在古典拉丁语中“打开”），来自拉丁语 re-，这里可能是一个密集前缀（参见 re-），+ claudere“关闭”（参见 close (v.)）。也部分来自中世纪拉丁语名词reclusus、reclusa。到 17 世纪末。在世俗和柔和的意义上，“一个过着退休生活、很少参与社会的人”。中古英语也有动词 reclusen “（在某个地方）闭嘴、限制”，以及过去分词形容词 reclused “隐居生活”（约 1200 年）。 Recluse 是一个形容词，意思是“闭嘴或与世隔绝”，这一点从 13 世纪早期就得到了证实。在中古英语中，reclusion 是“从世界退休的状态”（约 1400 年），源自中世纪拉丁语 reclusionem。相关条目及更多内容
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