hypothesis
音标：
英音/ haɪˈpɒθəsɪs / 美音/ haɪˈpɑːθəsɪs /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
To confirm that hypothesis, we decided to take a super-simple pasta recipe from our archives and test it against the TikToker’s.
为了证实这一假设，我们决定从我们的档案中取出一个超级简单的意大利面食谱，并与 TikToker 的食谱进行测试。
—Washington Post
The report says American agencies remain divided over the virus’s origins, and the report says both a natural and lab-associated origin from the Wuhan Institute of Virology “remain possible hypotheses.”
报告称，美国各机构对该病毒的起源仍存在分歧，报告称，来自武汉病毒学研究所的自然起源和实验室相关起源“仍然是可能的假设”。
—Washington Times
“We sadly continue this investigation on the hypothesis that she is not and has come to serious harm.”
“我们遗憾地继续进行这项调查，假设她没有受到严重伤害，并且已经受到严重伤害。”
—BBC
基本释意：
noun
a tentative insight into the natural world; a concept that is not yet verified but that if true would explain certain facts or phenomena
假说，假设；（凭空的）猜想，猜测；前提
同义词：
possibility,theory,conjecture,guess,speculation,supposition,surmisal,surmise
短释义：
A hypothesis is something more than a wild guess but less than a well-established theory. In science, a hypothesis needs to go through a lot of testing before it gets labeled a theory. In the non-scientific world, the word is used a lot more loosely. A detective might have a hypothesis about a crime, and a mother might have a hypothesis about who spilled juice on the rug. Anyone who uses the word hypothesis is making a guess.
在科学中，假设是一种想法或解释，然后可以通过研究和实验来检验。在科学之外，理论或猜测也可以称为假设。
长释义：
A hypothesis is something more than a wild guess but less than a well-established theory. In science, a hypothesis needs to go through a lot of testing before it gets labeled a theory. In the non-scientific world, the word is used a lot more loosely. A detective might have a hypothesis about a crime, and a mother might have a hypothesis about who spilled juice on the rug. Anyone who uses the word hypothesis is making a guess.
假设不仅仅是一个疯狂的猜测，但还不是一个完善的理论。在科学中，一个假设在被标记为理论之前需要经过大量的测试。在非科学领域，这个词的使用更为宽松。侦探可能会对犯罪有一个假设，而母亲可能会对谁将果汁洒在地毯上有一个假设。任何使用“假设”这个词的人都是在进行猜测。
文学例句：
But historians are nevertheless able to evaluate related hypotheses by retrospective tests.
但历史学家仍然能够通过回顾性检验来评估相关假设。
—Guns, Germs, and Steel: The Fates of Human Societies by Jared M. Diamond
If this is so, does this mean that there isn’t enough statistical evidence to conclusively reject the hypothesis of immortality?
如果是这样，这是否意味着没有足够的统计证据来最终拒绝永生的假设？
—Innumeracy: Mathematical Illiteracy and Its Consequences by John Allen Paulos
The worst aspect of the Velikovsky affair is not that his hypotheses were wrong or in contradiction to firmly established facts, but that some who called themselves scientists attempted to suppress Velikovsky’s work.
维利科夫斯基事件最糟糕的方面不是他的假设是错误的或与既定事实相矛盾，而是一些自称科学家的人试图压制维利科夫斯基的工作。
—Cosmos by Carl Sagan
词源：
hypothesis (n.)1590s, “a particular statement;” 1650s, “a proposition, assumed and taken for granted, used as a premise,” from French hypothese and directly from Late Latin hypothesis, from Greek hypothesis “base, groundwork, foundation,” hence in extended use “basis of an argument, supposition,” literally “a placing under,” from hypo- “under” (see hypo-) + thesis “a placing, proposition” (from reduplicated form of PIE root *dhe- “to set, put”). A term in logic; narrower scientific sense is from 1640s.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
假设 (n.)1590 年代，“一个特定的陈述；” 1650年代，“一个命题，假设并被视为理所当然，用作前提”，来自法语假设和直接来自后期拉丁语假设，来自希腊假设“基础，基础，基础”，因此在扩展使用中“论证的基础，假设” ，”字面意思是“放置在下面”，来自hypo-“下面”（参见hypo-）+论文“放置，命题”（来自PIE根*dhe-“设置，放置”的重复形式）。逻辑学术语；狭义的科学意义上是从 1640 年代开始的。相关条目及更多
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