distinguish
音标：
英音/ dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ / 美音/ dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Israel’s retaliatory war in Gaza has killed more than 35,000 Palestinians, according to Gazan health authorities, though their figures do not distinguish between civilians and combatants.
据加沙卫生当局称，以色列在加沙的报复性战争已造成超过 35,000 名巴勒斯坦人死亡，不过他们的数字不区分平民和战斗人员。
—New York Times
The national reckoning over racial justice after the killing of George Floyd spurred many of the country’s most distinguished institutions into action, few more so than the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
乔治·弗洛伊德被杀后，全国范围内对种族正义的反思促使该国许多最著名的机构采取了行动，其中最重要的是电影艺术与科学学院。
—New York Times
As well as continuing to make budget movies, he also began handling films made by distinguished foreign film-makers, including Francois Truffaut, Ingmar Bergman and Federico Fellini and introducing them to an American audience.
除了继续制作预算电影外，他还开始处理弗朗索瓦·特吕弗、英格玛·伯格曼和费德里科·费里尼等著名外国电影制片人制作的电影，并将它们介绍给美国观众。
—BBC
基本释意：
verb
mark as different
使有别于；看清，认出；区别，分清
同义词：
differentiate,secern,secernate,separate,severalise,severalize,tell,tell apart,signalise,signalize,differentiate,mark,discern,make out,pick out,recognise,recognize,spot,tell apart,describe,discover,identify,key,key out,name
短释义：
To distinguish is to discern, which means to perceive or recognize the way something differs from what’s around it. It takes discerning taste buds to distinguish between Coke and Pepsi. Distinguish also means to separate yourself out from the pack, usually in a good way. You might distinguish yourself at a Comics Convention with your encyclopedic knowledge of Krazy Kat.
辨别的意思是区分。如果你中了彩票，你将需要学会区分真正喜欢你的人和喜欢你的钱的人。
长释义：
To distinguish is to discern, which means to perceive or recognize the way something differs from what’s around it. It takes discerning taste buds to distinguish between Coke and Pepsi. Distinguish also means to separate yourself out from the pack, usually in a good way. You might distinguish yourself at a Comics Convention with your encyclopedic knowledge of Krazy Kat.
区分就是辨别，这意味着感知或识别某事物与其周围事物的不同之处。区分可口可乐和百事可乐需要敏锐的味蕾。区分也意味着将自己从人群中脱颖而出，通常是以一种好的方式。您可能会凭借对《Krazy Kat》的百科全书式了解，在漫画大会上脱颖而出。
文学例句：
No e-mails, no instant messaging—not only couldn’t we afford a computer at home, but Mamá worried that we didn’t understand how to distinguish our real-life friends from dirty old men.
没有电子邮件，没有即时消息——我们不仅买不起家里的电脑，而且妈妈还担心我们不知道如何区分现实生活中的朋友和肮脏的老人。
—Summer of the Mariposas by Guadalupe García McCall
Glancing at the bookcases, I thought I could distinguish the two volumes of Bewick’s British Birds occupying their old place on the third shelf, and Gulliver’s Travels and the Arabian Nights ranged just above.
扫了一眼书架，我想我可以辨认出两卷比威克的《英国鸟类》占据了第三个书架上的老位置，而《格列佛游记》和《一千零一夜》就在上面。
—Jane Eyre by Charlotte Brontë
The poor man was more loud than ever, and though I could not distinguish a word he said, I could in some way recognise in his tones some passionate entreaty on his part.
这个可怜的人比以前更加大声，虽然我听不清他说的一个字，但我可以从他的语气中听出某种热情的恳求。
—Dracula by Bram Stoker
词源：
distinguish (v.)1560s, “recognize as different or distinct from what is contiguous or similar; perceive, make out,” from French distinguiss-, stem of distinguer, or directly from Latin distinguere “to separate between, keep separate, mark off, distinguish,” perhaps literally “separate by pricking,” from assimilated form of dis- “apart” (see dis-) + -stinguere “to prick” (compare extinguish and Latin instinguere “to incite, impel”).
Watkins says “semantic transmission obscure;” the sense might be from “pricking out” as the old way to make punctuation in parchment or some literal image, but de Vaan derives the second element from a different PIE root meaning “to push, thrust”:
The meanings of
ex- and
restinguere ‘to extinguish’ and
distinguere seem quite distinct, but can be understood if the root meant ‘to press’ or ‘push’:
ex-stinguere ‘to put a fire out’,
re-stinguere ‘to push back, suppress’, and
dis-stinguere ‘to push apart [thence] distinguish, mark off ….
The suffix -ish is due to the influence of many verbs in which it is the equivalent of Old French -iss-, ultimately from Latin inchoative suffix -iscere (this is also the case in extinguish, admonish, and astonish).
Sense of “to mark or note in a way to indicate difference” is from 1570s; that of “separate from others by some mark of honor or preferment” is from c. 1600. Intransitive meaning “make a distinction, find or show difference (between)” is from 1610s. Related: Distinguishing. The Middle English form of the verb was distinguen (mid-14c.).Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
区分（v.）1560年代，“识别为与邻近或相似的东西不同或不同；感知，做出”，来自法语distinguiss-，distinguer的词干，或直接来自拉丁语distinguere“将之间分开，保持分开，划出，区分”，也许字面意思是“通过刺痛来分离”，与 dis-“分开”的同化形式（参见 dis-）+ -stinguere“刺痛”（比较 消灭 和拉丁语 instinguere“煽动，促使”）。沃特金斯说“语义传输晦涩难懂”；其含义可能来自“pricking out”，作为在羊皮纸或某些文字图像中制作标点符号的旧方法，但 de Vaan 从不同的 PIE 词根中派生出第二个元素，意思是“推动，推力”： ex- 和 Restinguere 的含义“扑灭”和“distinguere”似乎截然不同，但如果词根意思是“按压”或“推”，则可以理解为：ex-stinguere“扑灭火”，re-stinguere“推回，压制”，和dis-stinguere ‘推开[因此]区分、标记……后缀 -ish 受到许多动词的影响，它相当于古法语 -iss-，最终来自拉丁语始发后缀 -iscere （灭、告、惊也是如此）。 “以某种方式标记或注释以表明差异”的含义来自 1570 年代； “通过某种荣誉或晋升标志与其他人分开”来自c。 1600. 不及物含义“做出区分、发现或显示（之间）的差异”来自 1610 年代。相关：区分。该动词的中古英语形式是 distinguen（14 世纪中期）。相关条目及更多内容
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