ditch
音标：
英音/ dɪtʃ / 美音/ dɪtʃ /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
It shows medics desperately trying to save children hit by Russian shells, residents boiling snow for water and digging ditches to bury corpses.
它显示了医务人员拼命拯救被俄罗斯炮弹击中的儿童，居民们将雪煮水并挖沟掩埋尸体。
—New York Times
He said that he also had grabbed two children and that they had hid in a sewage ditch until the explosions ended.
他说，他还抓住了两个孩子，他们一直躲在污水沟里，直到爆炸结束。
—New York Times
Soil samples from around the ditch where Ms Caldwell’s body was discovered were compared to soil samples taken from the van’s footwell.
将考德威尔女士尸体被发现的沟渠周围的土壤样本与从货车脚坑采集的土壤样本进行了比较。
—BBC
基本释意：
noun
a long narrow excavation in the earth
沟渠，壕沟
同义词：
trench,chuck,dump
短释义：
A ditch can be a man-made trench, usually long and narrow, dug into the earth, or a natural ditch made by flowing water. Originally used for farming, we now use ditch for any pit in the ground. Ditch can also be a verb meaning to toss something or forsake it. You can ditch a plan that’s going wrong, or a boyfriend who is misbehaving. If you make an emergency crash landing, you ditch your plane.
沟渠是在地下挖的长沟或坑。如果您的草坪总是湿漉漉的，请修建一条排水沟，让多余的水流入。
长释义：
A ditch can be a man-made trench, usually long and narrow, dug into the earth, or a natural ditch made by flowing water. Originally used for farming, we now use ditch for any pit in the ground. Ditch can also be a verb meaning to toss something or forsake it. You can ditch a plan that’s going wrong, or a boyfriend who is misbehaving. If you make an emergency crash landing, you ditch your plane.
沟渠可以是挖入地下的通常又长又窄的人造沟渠，也可以是由流水形成的天然沟渠。最初用于耕种，现在我们将沟渠用于地面上的任何坑。 Ditch 也可以是一个动词，意思是扔掉某物或放弃它。你可以放弃一个出错的计划，或者一个行为不端的男朋友。如果你紧急迫降，你就会迫降飞机。
文学例句：
Had Valley shown her true colors and ditched them right when things got dangerous?
当事情变得危险时，瓦利是否暴露了她的真面目并抛弃了他们？
—Witchlings by Claribel A. Ortega
How we were going to show our loser dad who ditched Mama that we’re worth something.
我们要如何向抛弃妈妈的失败爸爸证明我们是有价值的。
—Amari and the Night Brothers by B.B. Alston
“Did you ditch her to hang with him?”
“你抛弃她，跟他在一起了吗？”
—Keep It Together, Keiko Carter by Debbi Michiko Florence
词源：
ditch (n.)”a trench made by digging,” especially a trench for draining wet land,” Middle English diche, from Old English dic “ditch, dike,” a variant of dike (q.v.), which at first meant “an excavation,” but later in Middle English was applied to the ridge or bank of earth thrown up in excavating. Middle English diche also could mean “a defensive wall.”
As the earth dug out of the ground in making a trench is heaped up on the side, the ditch and the bank are constructed by the same act, and it is not surprising that the two should have been confounded under a common name. [Hensleigh Wedgwood, “A Dictionary of English Etymology,” 1859]
Ditch-water “stale or stagnant water that collects in ditches” is from mid-14c. In Middle English, digne as dich water (late 14c.) meant “foolishly proud.” Also see last-ditch.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
ditch (n.)“通过挖掘形成的沟渠”，特指用于排水湿地的沟渠，中古英语 diche，源自古英语词“ditch，dike”，dike (qv) 的变体，最初的意思是“一个挖掘”，但后来在中古英语中被应用于挖掘过程中抛出的土脊或土堤。中古英语 diche 也可能意味着“防御墙”。侧面、沟渠和堤岸是由同一行为建造的，因此这两者在一个共同的名称下被混淆并不奇怪。[Hensleigh Wedgwood，“英语词源词典”，1859] Ditch-water“沟渠中收集的陈水或死水”源自 14 世纪中期。在中古英语中，digne 为 dich water（14 世纪晚期），意思是“愚蠢地骄傲”。另请参阅 Last-ditch。相关条目及更多内容
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