infraction
音标：
英音/ ɪnˈfrækʃn / 美音/ ɪnˈfrækʃ(ə)n /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
He has since been handed three prison terms and has faced months in solitary confinement after being accused of various minor infractions.
此后，他被判处三项监禁，并因被指控犯有各种轻微违法行为而面临数月的单独监禁。
—Washington Times
He has since been handed three prison terms, most recently on charges of extremism, and has faced unrelenting pressure, including months in solitary confinement after being accused of various minor infractions.
此后，他被判三次监禁，最近一次是因极端主义罪名，并面临着无情的压力，包括在被指控犯有各种轻微违法行为后被单独监禁数月。
—Washington Times
Prison authorities have regularly sent imprisoned dissidents to such cells in recent months over alleged minor infractions, a practice that is widely considered designed to put additional pressure on Kremlin critics behind bars.
近几个月来，监狱当局经常因涉嫌轻微违法行为而将被监禁的持不同政见者送往这些牢房，这种做法被广泛认为是为了向狱中的克里姆林宫批评者施加额外压力。
—Washington Times
基本释意：
noun
a crime less serious than a felony
犯规，违法行为；（对法律、协定的）违背，违犯
同义词：
infringement,misdemeanor,misdemeanour,violation
短释义：
When you think of the word infraction, think that your offence has just crossed the line into wrong. Something like a parking ticket is an infraction. When you commit an infraction, you’re not knee deep in wrong, you’ve just dipped your toe into wrong to see what it feels like. A misdemeanor is a more serious crime such as theft, and murder is considered a felony, the most serious of crimes.
当你违反学校关于嚼口香糖的规定时，你就犯了违规行为。违规是指轻微犯罪或轻微违反规则。
长释义：
When you think of the word infraction, think that your offence has just crossed the line into wrong. Something like a parking ticket is an infraction. When you commit an infraction, you’re not knee deep in wrong, you’ve just dipped your toe into wrong to see what it feels like. A misdemeanor is a more serious crime such as theft, and murder is considered a felony, the most serious of crimes.
当您想到“违规”这个词时，请认为您的违规行为已经越过了界限。停车罚单之类的行为属于违规行为。当你犯规时，你并没有犯下严重的错误，你只是尝试一下犯错，看看会是什么感觉。轻罪是一种更严重的犯罪，例如盗窃，而谋杀则被视为重罪，是最严重的犯罪。
文学例句：
Someone made a long speech listing every infraction of the rules we were committing that night.
有人发表了长篇演讲，列出了我们那天晚上犯下的每一起违反规则的行为。
—A Separate Peace by John Knowles
Minor infractions were tolerated and “he’s just being a boy” was an all-purpose excuse for anything short of a felony.
轻微的违法行为是可以容忍的，“他只是个男孩”是除重罪之外的任何事情的万能借口。
—The Other Wes Moore: One Name, Two Fates by Wes Moore
Or does he sit up nights searching out a Verse for every potential infraction, and store this ammunition at the ready for his daughters?
或者他会整晚熬夜寻找每一个潜在违规行为的诗句，并为他的女儿们准备好这些弹药？
—The Poisonwood Bible by Barbara Kingsolver
词源：
infraction (n.)mid-15c., “the breaking of an agreement,” from Old French infraction (13c.) and directly from Latin infractionem (nominative infractio) “a breaking, weakening,” noun of action from past participle stem of infringere “to damage, break off, break, bruise,” from in- “in” (from PIE root *en “in”) + frangere “to break” (from PIE root *bhreg- “to break”). The verb infract (1560s) is archaic.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
infraction (n.)mid-15c., “违反协议”，源自古法语 infraction (13c.) 并直接源自拉丁语 infractionem (主格 infratio) “破坏、削弱”，动作名词，源自过去分词词根 of infringere “损坏、折断、折断、擦伤”，来自 in-“in”（来自 PIE 根 *en“in”）+ frangere“破坏”（来自 PIE 根 *bhreg-“破坏”）。动词 infract (1560s) 已经过时了。相关条目及更多
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