bristle
音标：
英音/ ˈbrɪs(ə)l / 美音/ ˈbrɪs(ə)l /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
It may be a considerable job to convince the public that he was secretly a firebrand all along, bristling with zeal to change the world.
要让公众相信他一直是一个暗地里的煽动者，充满着改变世界的热情，这可能是一项艰巨的任务。
—BBC
The North has often bristled at the United States’s military reconnaissance activities around the Korean Peninsula.
朝鲜经常对美国在朝鲜半岛周边的军事侦察活动感到愤怒。
—New York Times
Chinese authorities bristle at accusations of poor lab safety and have called on U.S. labs to review their own security, suggesting without evidence that the virus could have originated within American borders.
中国当局对实验室安全状况不佳的指控感到愤怒，并呼吁美国实验室审查自身安全，并在没有证据的情况下暗示该病毒可能起源于美国境内。
—Washington Times
基本释意：
noun
a stiff hair
刚毛；粗硬短须，胡子楂；刷子毛；猪鬃
同义词：
stand up,uprise,abound,burst
短释义：
The emotional meaning of to bristle comes from the fact that most animal bristles used by man are so-called erectile hairs — the ones that stand up on the neck or along the back of animal when it’s angry or surprised. A common word associated with bristle is hackle, another name for such erectile animal hairs. Thus the saying “to get one’s hackles up,” which is pretty much identical to bristling.
鬃毛是一种坚硬的毛发——就像男人剃掉脸上的毛发或者獾身上的毛发一样。 Bristle也有生气的意思。告诉动物权利活动家你使用獾毛剃须刷，你就会明白了。
长释义：
The emotional meaning of to bristle comes from the fact that most animal bristles used by man are so-called erectile hairs — the ones that stand up on the neck or along the back of animal when it’s angry or surprised. A common word associated with bristle is hackle, another name for such erectile animal hairs. Thus the saying “to get one’s hackles up,” which is pretty much identical to bristling.
“鬃毛”的情感含义来自于这样一个事实：人类使用的大多数动物鬃毛都是所谓的直立毛——当动物生气或惊讶时，它们会竖立在脖子上或沿着背部。与鬃毛相关的一个常见词是“hackle”，这是这种直立动物毛发的另一个名称。因此，俗话说“举起怒火”，这与“竖起毛”几乎相同。
文学例句：
Hal was a youngster of nineteen or twenty, with a big Colt’s revolver and a hunting-knife strapped about him on a belt that fairly bristled with cartridges.
哈尔是一个十九岁或二十岁的年轻人，带着一把柯尔特大左轮手枪和一把猎刀，腰带上绑着一把猎刀，腰带上布满了子弹。
—The Call of the Wild by Jack London
In their jackets of bristling skins they seemed wild beasts rather than men, as they spread in a wide arc across the slope.
他们穿着毛茸茸的皮夹克，在斜坡上呈宽阔的弧形散开，看起来不像是人，而是野兽。
—The Black Cauldron by Lloyd Alexander
Her scalp bristled with tight gray curls trimmed close.
她的头皮上长满了修剪得很紧的灰色卷发。
—Sir Fig Newton and the Science of Persistence by Sonja Thomas
词源：
bristle (n.)”stiff, coarse hair of certain animals,” especially those set along the backs of hogs, Old English byrst “bristle,” with metathesis of -r-, from Proto-Germanic *bursti- (source also of Middle Dutch borstel, German borste, Danish börste), from PIE *bhrsti- from root *bhars- “point, bristle” (source also of Sanskrit bhrstih “point, spike”). With -el, diminutive suffix. Extended to similar appendages on some plants and insects.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
鬃毛 (n.)“某些动物的坚硬、粗糙的毛发”，尤其是那些长在猪背上的毛发，古英语 byrst “鬃毛”，与 -r- 复分解，源自原始日耳曼语 *bursti-（也源自中古语）荷兰语 borstel、德语 borste、丹麦语 börste），源自 PIE *bhrsti-，源自词根 *bhars-“点，鬃毛”（也源自梵文 bhrstih“点，尖峰”）。带-el，小型后缀。扩展到一些植物和昆虫上的类似附属物。相关条目及更多
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