perennial
音标：
英音/ pəˈreniəl / 美音/ pəˈreniəl /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
It’s one of the perennial favourites among the show’s visitors as competitors display their oversized crops in the hope of taking the coveted title of heaviest or longest.
它一直是展会参观者最喜欢的节目之一，因为参赛者展示他们的超大农作物，希望获得令人垂涎的最重或最长的头衔。
—BBC
However, if they aren’t hardy enough to survive your winters, you may have to treat some listed perennials as annuals.
然而，如果它们不够耐寒，无法度过冬天，您可能必须将一些列出的多年生植物视为一年生植物。
—Washington Times
The hosts overcame perennial World Cup heavyweights New Zealand on the opening night, something head coach Fabien Galthie referred to as their first of four remaining finals.
东道主队在开幕之夜击败了常年世界杯重量级球队新西兰队，主教练法比安·加尔蒂称这是他们剩余四场决赛中的第一场。
—BBC
基本释意：
adjective
lasting an indefinitely long time; suggesting self-renewal
多年生的；常年的；四季不断的；常在的；反复的
同义词：
recurrent,repeated
短释义：
Arguing with your roommate about who cleaned the bathroom last time might be a perennial argument. There is also a perennial plant, which lasts more than two years and usually reappears each spring, because it produces flowers and seeds from the same root structure. Perennial comes from the Latin perennis, from the prefix per-, “through,” plus annus, or “year.” Annus is also the source of our English word annual — an annual plant lives only one year or season.
多年生通常描述的是永久的、恒定的或重复的事物。如果你每年都和你的父母争论是否真的必须邀请你讨厌的表兄弟姐妹过感恩节，你可以称之为长期冲突。
长释义：
Arguing with your roommate about who cleaned the bathroom last time might be a perennial argument. There is also a perennial plant, which lasts more than two years and usually reappears each spring, because it produces flowers and seeds from the same root structure. Perennial comes from the Latin perennis, from the prefix per-, “through,” plus annus, or “year.” Annus is also the source of our English word annual — an annual plant lives only one year or season.
与你的室友争论上次谁打扫浴室可能是一个长期的争论。还有一种多年生植物，可以持续两年以上，通常每年春天重新出现，因为它从相同的根结构中产生花朵和种子。多年生植物来自拉丁语perennis，由前缀per-（“通过”）加上annus（或“年”）组成。 Annus 也是英语单词 Annual 的来源——一年生植物只能存活一年或一个季节。
文学例句：
He saw no reason to change his perennial opinion of her as a sour and fidgety frustration.
他认为没有理由改变他长期以来对她的看法，因为她是一个酸涩而烦躁的挫败者。
—I, Robot by Isaac Asimov
He accepted the ironic smiles of the owner of the house, Blanca’s grimaces, and the perennial distraction of Clara, who, even after a year, was still asking him his name.
他接受了房主讽刺的微笑、布兰卡的鬼脸和克拉拉的常年分心，即使一年后，克拉拉仍然在问他的名字。
—The House of the Spirits: A Novel by Isabel Allende
He knows there is a perennial supply that can constantly be drawn upon, when the water begins to ebb away in the fields where the rice is growing.
他知道，当稻田里的水开始退潮时，可以不断地汲取常年的水源。
—Sidelights on Chinese Life by Macgowan, J. (John)
词源：
perennial (adj.)1640s, of plants or leaves, “evergreen” (a sense now obsolete), formed in English from Latin perennis “lasting through the year (or years),” from per “through” (from PIE root *per- (1) “forward,” hence “through”) + annus “year” (see annual (adj.)). The botanical sense of “remaining alive through more than two years” is attested from 1670s; of springs, etc., “lasting or continuing without cessation through a year or many years,” by 1703. The figurative meaning “enduring, permanent” is from 1750. Related: Perennially. For vowel change, see biennial. The noun meaning “a perennial plant” is from 1763.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
多年生的（形容词）1640年代，植物或叶子的，“常绿的”（现在已经过时的意思），在英语中由拉丁语perennis“持续一年（或数年）”组成，来自per“通过”（来自PIE根*per – (1)“向前”，因此“通过”）+ annus“年”（参见年度（形容词））。 “在两年多的时间内保持活力”的植物学意义从 1670 年代就得到了证实；泉水等，到 1703 年，“持续或持续不间断地持续一年或很多年”。“持久的、永久的”这个比喻意义是从 1750 年开始的。相关：永久地。对于元音变化，请参见 biennial。这个名词的意思是“多年生植物”，源自 1763 年。相关条目及更多
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