borough
音标：
英音/ ˈbʌrə / 美音/ ˈbɜːroʊ /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
A new pilot scheme, recently introduced in the boroughs of Lambeth and Barking and Dagenham, aims to deploy the tactic much more precisely, using data to focus on weapons hotspots.
最近在兰贝斯、巴金和达格纳姆行政区推出了一项新的试点计划，旨在更精确地部署这一策略，利用数据来重点关注武器热点。
—BBC
The announcement follows a teaser campaign that began with an unassuming advert in the Hackney Gazette – a free newspaper distributed in corner shops and supermarkets that covers the London borough.
这一宣布是在一场预告活动之后开始的，该活动始于《哈克尼公报》上的一则不起眼的广告——一份在覆盖伦敦行政区的街角商店和超市分发的免费报纸。
—BBC
City Hall said it would support councils who wished to introduce a Zez within their boroughs.
市政厅表示，将支持那些希望在其行政区内引入 Zez 的议会。
—BBC
基本释意：
noun
an English town that forms the constituency of a member of parliament
区；自治的市镇
同义词：
没有找到同义词
短释义：
When a borough is part of a big city, it represents a more formal division than just a neighborhood. It’s a separate town, often one that has its own government. When you move from one borough to another, you might notice different tax rates or different parking regulations. In England the word often refers to a town that has a representative in Parliament. Pronounce the second syllable in borough with a long “o” sound, like the donkey (burro).
自治市镇是拥有自己政府的城镇。它也可以是具有自治权的大城市的一部分。曼哈顿只是组成纽约市的五个行政区之一。
长释义：
When a borough is part of a big city, it represents a more formal division than just a neighborhood. It’s a separate town, often one that has its own government. When you move from one borough to another, you might notice different tax rates or different parking regulations. In England the word often refers to a town that has a representative in Parliament. Pronounce the second syllable in borough with a long “o” sound, like the donkey (burro).
当一个行政区是大城市的一部分时，它代表着一个更正式的划分，而不仅仅是一个社区。这是一个独立的城镇，通常有自己的政府。当您从一个行政区搬到另一个行政区时，您可能会注意到不同的税率或不同的停车规定。在英格兰，这个词通常指在议会中有代表的城镇。 borough 的第二个音节发长“o”音，如驴 (burro)。
文学例句：
Few filmmakers are linked to a borough the way that Spike Lee is to Brooklyn.
很少有电影制片人像斯派克·李与布鲁克林那样与一个行政区有着如此密切的联系。
—What 10 Actors Wore to a Spike Lee Casting Call in Brooklyn by Max Berlinger
“Once upon a time, New York City had a sixth borough.”
“曾几何时，纽约市有第六个行政区。”
—Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close by Jonathan Safran Foer
People outside the south east, one or two boroughs in west London and Westminster, virtually don’t exist either.
东南部、西伦敦和威斯敏斯特的一两个行政区以外的人实际上也不存在。
—Tony Garnett: ‘BBC has little interest in poor people’ by Dalya Alberge
词源：
borough (n.)Old English burg, burh “a dwelling or dwellings within a fortified enclosure,” from Proto-Germanic *burgs “hill fort, fortress” (source also of Old Frisian burich “castle, city,” Old Norse borg “wall, castle,” Old High German burg, buruc “fortified place, citadel,” German Burg “castle,” Gothic baurgs “city”), which Watkins derives from from PIE root *bhergh- (2) “high,” with derivatives referring to hills, hill forts, and fortified elevations.
In German and Old Norse, chiefly as “fortress, castle;” in Gothic, “town, civic community.” The meaning shifted in Old English from “fortress,” to “fortified town,” then simply “town” (16c., especially one possessing municipal organization or sending representatives to Parliament). In some U.S. states (originally Pennsylvania, 1718) often an incorporated town; in Alaska, however, it is the equivalent of a county. As “one of the five administrative divisions of New York City,” it dates from the consolidation of 1898; in London, its use dates from the London Government Act of 1899.
The Scottish form is burgh. The Old English dative singular byrig survives in many place names as -bury.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
自治市镇 (n.) 古英语 burg, burh “防御工事内的一个或多个住宅”，源自原始日耳曼语 *burgs “山堡、堡垒”（也源自古弗里斯兰语 burich“城堡、城市”、古挪威语 borg“墙、城堡、“古高地德语 burg、buruc”防御场所、城堡、德语 Burg“城堡”、哥特式 baurgs“城市”），Watkins 源自 PIE 词根 *bhergh- (2)“高”及其派生词指丘陵、山堡和防御高地。在德语和古挪威语中，主要表示“堡垒、城堡”；在哥特语中，“城镇，公民社区”。在古英语中，其含义从“堡垒”转变为“设防城镇”，然后简称为“城镇”（16世纪，尤其是拥有市政组织或向议会派遣代表的城镇）。在美国的一些州（最初是宾夕法尼亚州，1718 年）通常是一个合并的城镇；然而，在阿拉斯加，它相当于一个县。作为“纽约市五个行政区之一”，它的历史可以追溯到 1898 年的合并；在伦敦，它的使用可以追溯到 1899 年的《伦敦政府法案》。苏格兰形式是 burgh。古英语与格单数 byrig 在许多地名中都保留为 -bury。相关条目及更多
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