rubble
音标：
英音/ ˈrʌbl / 美音/ ˈrʌbl /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Sniffer dogs trained to detect bodies have been deployed to search for more victims under the rubble, their barks echoing through the devastated streets, now likened to a warzone.
受过探测尸体训练的嗅探犬已被部署在废墟下寻找更多受害者，它们的吠声在现在被比作战区的满目疮痍的街道上回响。
—BBC
Mr Longhi said the behaviour of people who had been removing bricks and other debris from the rubble was “disgusting” and said he was happy the fencing was up.
隆吉先生表示，那些从废墟中清除砖块和其他碎片的人的行为“令人作呕”，并表示他很高兴栅栏已经竖起来。
—BBC
But in Antakya, reconstruction isn’t even a thought yet, since it’s still in the throes of clearing away the rubble.
但在安塔基亚，重建甚至还不是一个想法，因为它仍然处于清理瓦砾的痛苦之中。
—BBC
基本释意：
noun
the remains of something that has been destroyed or broken up
（倒塌的墙或建筑留下的）瓦砾，碎石；（建房铺路用的）碎石
同义词：
debris,detritus,dust,junk
短释义：
Rubble rhymes with “bubble,” but when a bubble bursts, it just dissolves into liquid, while rubble is piles of rock, concrete, brick, and other remains that are a very physical reminder of destruction. Rock slides create rubble from rocks, and natural disasters and explosions create rubble from buildings, cars, and trees. Unfortunately, rubble is usually heavy and can trap people or things beneath it, as when bodies are found in the rubble of a fire or earthquake.
物体破裂或倒塌后留下的一堆碎屑就是瓦砾。著名的瓦砾场景包括 9 月 11 日倒塌的双子塔和 2010 年地震后海地首都的废墟。
长释义：
Rubble rhymes with “bubble,” but when a bubble bursts, it just dissolves into liquid, while rubble is piles of rock, concrete, brick, and other remains that are a very physical reminder of destruction. Rock slides create rubble from rocks, and natural disasters and explosions create rubble from buildings, cars, and trees. Unfortunately, rubble is usually heavy and can trap people or things beneath it, as when bodies are found in the rubble of a fire or earthquake.
瓦砾与“泡沫”押韵，但当泡沫破裂时，它只是溶解成液体，而瓦砾是一堆岩石、混凝土、砖块和其他残留物，它们是破坏的物理提醒。岩石滑坡会从岩石中产生碎石，自然灾害和爆炸会从建筑物、汽车和树木中产生碎石。不幸的是，瓦砾通常很重，可能会将人或物体困在下面，就像在火灾或地震的瓦砾中发现尸体一样。
文学例句：
Håkon grabbed Ivan and pulled him away from the shifting stones, clearing the rubble just before the top of the pile crashed down.
哈康抓住伊万，把他从移动的石头上拉开，在堆顶倒塌之前清理了瓦砾。
—Anya and the Nightingale by Sofiya Pasternack
I tramped out of camp by headlamp behind Rob and Frank, wending between ice towers and piles of rock rubble to reach the main body of the glacier.
我在罗布和弗兰克身后，顶着头灯走出营地，在冰塔和成堆的碎石之间穿行，到达冰川的主体。
—Into Thin Air by Jon Krakauer
Jacob pulled the rubble off me, and then he did the strangest thing—he ran away.
雅各布把瓦砾从我身上拉开，然后他做了最奇怪的事情——他逃跑了。
—The Inquisitor’s Tale by Adam Gidwitz
词源：
rubble (n.)”rough, irregular stones broken from larger masses,” especially “waste fragments from the demolition of a building, etc.,” late 14c., robeyl, from Anglo-French *robel “bits of broken stone,” which is of obscure origin, apparently related to rubbish “waste fragments” [OED], but also possibly from Old French robe (see rob). Middle English Compendium compares Anglo-Latin rubisum, robusium.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
rubble (n.)“从较大块上破碎的粗糙的、不规则的石头”，尤其是“拆除建筑物等产生的废物碎片”，14世纪末，robeyl，来自英法*robel“碎石块”，它的起源不明，显然与垃圾“废物碎片”[OED]有关，但也可能来自古法式长袍（参见 rob）。中古英语纲要比较盎格鲁拉丁语 rubisum、robusium。相关条目及更多
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