crater
音标：
英音/ ˈkreɪtə(r) / 美音/ ˈkreɪtər /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Footage shared by local media showed a large crater in the ground at the impact site.
当地媒体分享的视频显示，撞击地点的地面上有一个大陨石坑。
—BBC
Rescuers in Indonesia are searching for a Brazilian tourist who fell while hiking near the crater of Mount Rinjani, an active volcano.
印度尼西亚的救援人员正在寻找一名在林贾尼活火山火山口附近徒步旅行时摔倒的巴西游客。
—BBC
It is unlikely that the instruments on board can now be used, including a drill to penetrate the lunar soil, a hopping robot to explore a shadowed crater, and the first lunar antenna.
现在不太可能使用船上的仪器，包括用于穿透月球土壤的钻头、用于探索阴影陨石坑的跳跃机器人以及第一个月球天线。
—BBC
基本释意：
noun
a bowl-shaped geological formation at the top of a volcano
（撞击或爆炸形成的）坑，弹坑；火山口；穴，洞；（古希腊用的）调酒碗
同义词：
没有找到同义词
短释义：
Once in a while, you might hear the word crater used as a verb, as in, “The movie cratered at the box office, earning way less than expected.” But you’ll usually hear crater used as a noun to refer to a bowl-shaped depression left behind by an explosion or impact. Outside Flagstaff, Arizona, you’ll find Meteor Crater, one of the most well-defined impact craters on the surface of the earth. It’s almost a mile across, even though the meteor that created it was less than 100 yards in diameter.
陨石坑是由于其他物体的撞击而在物体表面留下的圆形凹痕。看看月球：数百万年来，它被数以千计的撞击所留下的陨石坑所覆盖。
长释义：
Once in a while, you might hear the word crater used as a verb, as in, “The movie cratered at the box office, earning way less than expected.” But you’ll usually hear crater used as a noun to refer to a bowl-shaped depression left behind by an explosion or impact. Outside Flagstaff, Arizona, you’ll find Meteor Crater, one of the most well-defined impact craters on the surface of the earth. It’s almost a mile across, even though the meteor that created it was less than 100 yards in diameter.
有时，您可能会听到“crater”这个词用作动词，例如“这部电影的票房惨遭失败，收入远低于预期。”但您通常会听到“crater”用作名词，指爆炸或撞击留下的碗状凹陷。在亚利桑那州弗拉格斯塔夫郊外，您会发现流星陨石坑，这是地球表面最清晰的撞击坑之一。尽管产生它的流星直径不到 100 码，但它的直径却接近一英里。
文学例句：
It looked like maps of the craters on the moon.
它看起来像月球上的陨石坑地图。
—The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath
Where Hyperion had been, there was nothing but a smoking crater.
海伯利安所在的地方，除了一个冒着烟的火山口什么也没有。
—The House of Hades by Rick Riordan
The trap lay on its side at the bottom of a freshly scraped crater at least five feet across.
陷阱侧躺在一个刚刚刮过的坑底，直径至少有五英尺。
—Pax by Sara Pennypacker
词源：
crater(n.)1610s, “bowl-shaped mouth of a volcano,” from a specialized use of Latin crater, from Greek krater “large bowl from which red wine mixed with water was served to guests,” from kera- “to mix,” from PIE root *kere- “to mix, confuse; cook” (see rare (adj.2)).
The extension to volcanoes began in Latin. The literal classical sense is attested in English from 1730. Applied to asteroid scars on the moon since 1831 (they originally were thought to be volcanic) and later extended to other planets. Meaning “cavity formed by the explosion of a military mine” is from 1839. The Battle of the Crater in the U.S. Civil War was July 30, 1864.
As a verb, “having a crater or craters,” by 1848 in poetry, 1872 in scientific writing. Related: Cratered; cratering.also from 1610s
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
crater(n.)1610s，“火山的碗形口”，源自拉丁语火山口的专门用法，源自希腊语 krater“向客人提供与水混合的红酒的大碗”，源自 kera-“混合”，源自 PIE 词根 *kere-“混合，混淆；烹饪”（见罕见（形容词 2））。火山的延伸始于拉丁语。字面的古典意义从 1730 年开始在英语中得到证实。自 1831 年以来应用于月球上的小行星疤痕（它们最初被认为是火山），后来扩展到其他行星。含义是“军用地雷爆炸形成的空洞”，源自 1839 年。美国内战中的火山口之战发生于 1864 年 7 月 30 日。作为动词，“有一个或多个弹坑”，1848 年出现在诗歌中，1872 年出现在科学写作中。相关：坑坑洼洼；陨石坑。也是从 1610 年代开始
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