retch
音标：
美音：/retʃ/，英音：/retʃ/
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
The corridors of my student house would wind on and on, ending in chilly bathrooms where I’d retch every morning.
我学生宿舍的走廊会蜿蜒曲折，最后是冰冷的浴室，我每天早上都会在那里干呕。
—BBC
When Maresa throws a tantrum: “I am not baffled by this screaming girl, but my comprehension is no help. She is retching, she is shaking, she is spitting up bile.”
当 Maresa 发脾气时：“我对这个尖叫的女孩并不感到困惑，但我的理解力无济于事。她在干呕，她在发抖，她在吐胆汁。”
—Washington Times
Unable to see from the chemicals burning his eyes and blurring his vision, David said, he stumbled into a cloud of gas that made him cough and retch.
大卫说，由于化学物质灼伤了他的眼睛并模糊了他的视线，他无法看到东西，他跌跌撞撞地陷入了一团气体中，这让他咳嗽和呕吐。
—Seattle Times
基本释意：
verb
make an unsuccessful effort to vomit; strain to vomit
vi. 作呕，反胃；恶心
同义词：
gag,heave,barf,be sick,chuck,disgorge,regurgitate,throw up,vomit,vomit up,heave
短释义：
To retch is to gag, or nearly vomit. The smell of a passing garbage truck on a hot summer day might make you retch.
干呕就是作呕，或几乎呕吐。在炎热的夏日，一辆路过的垃圾车散发出的气味可能会让你作呕。
长释义：
Sometimes, retch is used to literally mean "throw up," but it usually means to come very close to throwing up without actually vomiting. You might retch because you’re sick, or when you have to eat something you hate, like overcooked cauliflower. Retch is also a noun: "When I heard the retch from the bathroom, I knew he’d caught that stomach bug." Originally, to retch meant "to clear the throat."
有时，retch 的字面意思是“呕吐”，但它通常表示非常接近呕吐但实际上没有呕吐。您可能会因为生病或不得不吃一些您讨厌的东西而呕吐，例如煮过头的花椰菜。 Retch 也是一个名词：“当我听到浴室里的呕吐声时，我知道他得了胃病。”最初，干呕的意思是“清清嗓子”。
文学例句：
One of the gentlemen lit a large pipe and the odor of it nearly made her retch.
一位先生点燃了一根大烟斗，烟味几乎让她作呕。
—Lyddie by Katherine Paterson
The old dame who had been their nurse fetched dry jerkins out of a press, and scolded them for retching their deaths, and denounced Sir Ector for keeping on so long.
曾经当过他们护士的老太婆从压榨机里取出干背心，责备他们干呕致死，并谴责埃克托爵士坚持了这么久。
—The Once and Future King by T. H. White
He retched again and again, until his stomach felt as empty as his spirit.
他一次又一次地干呕，直到他的胃和他的精神一样空虚。
—A Single Shard by Linda Sue Park
词源：
retch (v.)1540s, "to clear the throat, to cough up phlegm" (a sense now obsolete), from Old English hræcan "to cough up, spit" (related to hraca "phlegm"), from Proto-Germanic khrækijan (source also of Old High German rahhison "to clear one’s throat"), of imitative origin (compare Lithuanian kregėti "to grunt"). Meaning "make efforts to vomit" is from 1850; sense of "to vomit" is attested by 1888. Related: Retched; retching.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
干呕 (v.)1540s，“清嗓子，咳出痰”（一种现已过时的感觉），来自古英语 hræcan “咳嗽，吐出”（与 hraca “痰”相关），来自原始日耳曼语 khrækijan（也源自古高地德语 rahhison“清嗓子”），模仿起源（比较立陶宛语 kregėti“咕噜声”）。意思是“努力呕吐”是从1850年开始的； “呕吐”的感觉在 1888 年得到证实。干呕。相关条目及更多
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