smudge
音标：
英音/ smʌdʒ / 美音/ smʌdʒ /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
The two women move around the room, burning herbs and shaking shamanic rattles while singing and chanting in a purification ritual known as “smudging”.
两名妇女在房间里走来走去，一边燃烧草药、摇动萨满拨浪鼓，一边唱歌和念诵，进行一种被称为“涂抹”的净化仪式。
—BBC
At times, Puth’s voice sounds “smudged” with consonants that are occasionally muddied and indistinct.
有时，普斯的声音听起来“脏兮兮”，辅音有时模糊不清。
—BBC
Exhausted, with dark smudges across flushed cheeks, they watched Europe’s most destructive blaze in recent history advance through virgin forest across the hill.
他们精疲力竭，红润的脸颊上布满了黑色的斑点，他们看着欧洲近代历史上最具破坏性的大火穿过山上的原始森林。
—New York Times
基本释意：
none
none
污点，污迹；烟熏火堆；模糊不清的景象（或图像）
同义词：
没有找到同义词
短释义：
You might smudge dirt across your face when you wipe your nose after digging in the garden—and the dirty mark itself can also be called a smudge. Another kind of smudge is a smoky fire that can be used for several purposes: to disguise your location, to keep outdoor plants or trees warm, or to repel insects. The container in which a smudge is built is called a smudge pot.
当你涂抹某些东西时，你会以一种混乱的方式涂抹或模糊它。如果你在你姐姐辛辛苦苦画完的画上弄脏了，她会生气的。
长释义：
You might smudge dirt across your face when you wipe your nose after digging in the garden—and the dirty mark itself can also be called a smudge. Another kind of smudge is a smoky fire that can be used for several purposes: to disguise your location, to keep outdoor plants or trees warm, or to repel insects. The container in which a smudge is built is called a smudge pot.
在花园里挖坑后擦鼻子时，您可能会在脸上弄脏污垢，而脏迹本身也可以称为污迹。另一种污迹是冒烟的火，它有多种用途：伪装您的位置、保持室外植物或树木温暖或驱除昆虫。放置污迹的容器称为污迹罐。
文学例句：
There were leaves in her hair, rips in her stockings, and dirt smudged across both cheeks.
她的头发上有树叶，袜子上有裂痕，双颊上沾满了污垢。
—The Unseen Guest by Maryrose Wood
She had named him for the star-shaped black smudge on his white face, ignoring that he was a boy and “Zvezda” was a girl’s name.
她根据他白皙脸上的星形黑色污迹给他取名，忽略了他是个男孩，而“Zvezda”是个女孩的名字。
—Anya and the Dragon by Sofiya Pasternack
Two of the new settlers come straggling into the fort, dragging wooden clubs, their faces smudged with soot.
两名新定居者拖着木棍拖着木棍拖着脚步走进堡垒，脸上沾满了烟灰。
—Blood on the River by Elisa Carbone
词源：
smudge(v.)early 15c., smogen “to soil, smear or stain with dirt or filth, blacken,” a word of obscure origin. Compare smutch and its variant smouch, Middle English smod “filth, obscene behavior” (mid-13c., also a surname); Middle Dutch besmodden, smoddich, Middle Low German smudden.
The meaning “to rub out or in” is by 1865. Related: Smudged; smudging. The noun meaning “a dirty mark or stain, spot, smear” is attested by 1768, from the verb.
The smudge meaning “make a smoky fire” is by 1860, also of unknown origin, but perhaps related. According to OED now dialectal and North American. OED also gives it in an earlier, obsolete sense of “cure (herring, etc.) by smoking” (1590s).
The related noun smudge is attested by 1767 as “a suffocating smoke” (to repel mosquitoes, etc.); from 1806 as “heap of combustibles ignited and emitting dense smoke.” Hence smudge-pot (1903). Smudge-stick as a Native American (Crow tribe) artifact is by 1908also from early 15c.
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
smudge(v.) 15世纪早期，smogen“用泥土或污物涂抹或弄脏，变黑”，这是一个来源不明的词。比较 smutch 及其变体 smouch，中古英语 smod “污秽、淫秽行为”（13 世纪中期，也是一个姓氏）；中古荷兰语 besmodden、smoddich、中古低地德语 smudden。 1865 年，“擦掉或擦进去”的意思出现了。弄脏。 1768年，这个名词的意思是“脏污痕迹或污点、斑点、污点”，由动词证实。涂抹的意思是“生起烟火”，出现于 1860 年，来源不明，但可能相关。根据《牛津英语词典》，现在有方言和北美。 《牛津英语词典》还给出了“通过吸烟治愈（鲱鱼等）”（1590 年代）的较早、过时的含义。相关名词smudge在1767年被证实为“令人窒息的烟雾”（驱除蚊子等）；从 1806 年开始，它被称为“一堆可燃物被点燃并散发出浓烟”。因此，《污点罐》（Smudge-pot，1903）。涂抹棒作为美洲原住民（乌鸦部落）的工艺品是在 1908 年（也就是 15 世纪初）。
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