ringer
音标：
英音/ ˈrɪŋə(r) / 美音/ ˈrɪŋər /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Since the project began, other teenagers have also been keen to take part, with at least two joining the group of about 30 ringers.
自该项目开始以来，其他青少年也热衷于参与其中，至少有两名青少年加入了约 30 名青少年的行列。
—BBC
For decades, thousands of skilled bird ringers and other volunteers have been collecting data on changes in British bird populations, shedding light on their decline.
几十年来，数千名熟练的鸟类鸣响者和其他志愿者一直在收集有关英国鸟类数量变化的数据，以揭示鸟类数量下降的情况。
—BBC
Now comes a slew of charges against a live, sitting president that are such dead ringers for impeachable offenses that they actually made it into the Constitution by name.
现在，针对一位在任总统的一系列指控与可弹劾的罪行极其相似，以至于这些指控实际上已被列入宪法。
—Washington Times
基本释意：
none
none
冒名顶替的运动员；替身；替补；挂假车牌的汽车；套环；按铃者；敲钟者；剪羊毛工；畜牧工；给鸟系环的人；容貌酷似的人
同义词：
没有找到同义词
短释义：
The idea of a ringer first developed in horse racing, where fast horses were sometime substituted, secretly, for slower ones — this was originally known as a “ring-in.” It’s thought to have come from the British term of the same name, which means “substitute or exchange.” Ringers are occasionally used in many different sports and competitions, in an attempt to gain a sneaky kind of advantage.
如果你假装自学参加业余烘焙比赛，而实际上你是一名受过法国培训的糕点师，那么你就是一个合格的人。鸣叫者是指谎报自己经历的参赛者。
长释义：
The idea of a ringer first developed in horse racing, where fast horses were sometime substituted, secretly, for slower ones — this was originally known as a “ring-in.” It’s thought to have come from the British term of the same name, which means “substitute or exchange.” Ringers are occasionally used in many different sports and competitions, in an attempt to gain a sneaky kind of advantage.
Ringer 的想法最初是在赛马比赛中发展起来的，有时快马会被秘密地替换为较慢的马——这最初被称为“ring-in”。它被认为来自英国的同名术语，意思是“替代或交换”。铃声偶尔会在许多不同的运动和比赛中使用，以试图获得某种偷偷摸摸的优势。
文学例句：
The ringers in the belfry, knowing, we must suppose, that their vicar was an easy man, a patriot, and a Devonian to boot, were handling the ropes most lustily.
我们必须假设，钟楼里的敲钟人知道他们的牧师是一个随和的人，一个爱国者，而且还是一个泥盆纪人，所以他们正在最有力地操纵绳索。
—With Drake on the Spanish Main by Strang, Herbert
Just then one of the ringers came down, and informed them that Gert was lying upstairs dead.
就在这时，一名敲钟人下来，告诉他们格特躺在楼上死了。
—Memoirs of Leonora Christina
Daughter of Christian IV. of Denmark; Written During Her Imprisonment in the Blue Tower at Copenhagen 1663-1685 by Ulfeldt, Leonora Christina
If you a bell turn over, without delay Fourpence unto the ringers you must pay; Or, if you strike, miscall, or do abuse, You must pay fourpence for the ringers’ use.
如果你的钟声响了，你必须立即向敲钟者支付四便士；或者，如果你罢工、误叫或辱骂，你必须支付四便士的使用费。
—Ecclesiastical Curiosities by Various
词源：
ringer(n.) “bell-ringer, one employed to ring church or processional bells,” early 15c. (c. 1200 as a surname), agent noun from ring (v.1). An early 13c. text has belle ringestre “nun who rings the convent bell.”
In quoits (and by extension, horseshoes), “a throw cast so as to encircle the pin,” from 1863, from ring (v.2).
Expression be a dead ringer for “resemble closely” (1891) preserves ringer in the horse-racing slang sense of “a fast horse entered fraudulently in a race in place of a slow one.” The verb to ring in reference to this is attested from 1812, possibly from British ring in “substitute, exchange,” via ring the changes, “substitute counterfeit money for good,” a pun on ring the changes in the sense of “play the regular series of variations in a peal of bells” (1610s). The meaning “an expert” is recorded from 1918, Australian slang, from earlier meaning “man who shears the most sheep per day” (1871).also from early 15c.
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
ringer(n.) “敲钟人，受雇敲响教堂或游行钟声的人”，15 世纪早期。 （c. 1200 作为姓氏），来自环的代理名词（v.1）。 13世纪初期。文本内容为“敲响修道院钟声的修女”。在环圈（以及引申出来的马蹄铁）中，“抛投以环绕销钉”，出自 1863 年，摘自《环》（第 2 节）。表达“be”与“非常相似”（1891）非常相似，保留了赛马俚语中的“一匹快马以欺诈手段代替一匹慢马参加比赛”的意义。与此有关的动词 toring 从 1812 年就得到证实，可能来自英国的“ring”，意思是“替代、交换”，通过“ring thechanges”，“用假币代替好钱”，“ringthechanges”的双关语，意思是“在钟声中演奏一系列规则的变奏曲”（1610 年代）。 “专家”的意思是从 1918 年澳大利亚俚语中记录下来的，早期的意思是“每天剪羊毛最多的人”（1871 年），也从 15 世纪早期开始。
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