gouge
音标：
英音/ ɡaʊdʒ / 美音/ ɡaʊdʒ /
听听基本释意：
外刊例句：
Price gouging: At Newsom’s urging, a bill that would punish oil companies for profiting from price spikes at the pump was approved by the State Senate on Thursday, The Associated Press reports.
哄抬物价：据美联社报道，在纽瑟姆的敦促下，州参议院周四批准了一项惩罚石油公司从油价上涨中获利的法案。
—New York Times
Residents of a two-story building in Kyiv were woken in their beds by a missile attack that gouged a crater less than 50 yards from their home early Thursday.
周四早些时候，基辅一栋两层楼房的居民在床上被导弹袭击惊醒，导弹袭击在距离他们家不到 50 码的地方挖出了一个弹坑。
—New York Times
“Congressional Republicans’ sole energy plan is to enrich the oil and gas CEOs who are making billions by price gouging working families, and polluting our air, water and environment.
“国会共和党人唯一的能源计划是让石油和天然气首席执行官致富，他们通过哄抬工薪家庭并污染我们的空气、水和环境而赚取数十亿美元。
—Washington Times
基本释意：
noun
an impression in a surface (as made by a blow)
用半圆凿子挖；欺骗
同义词：
dent,ding,divot,nick,force out,rout,extort,rack,squeeze,wring
短释义：
The verb gouge means to cut or carve. You can use special chisels to gouge linoleum for interesting design in printing. As a noun, a gouge is the tool you would use — instead of a flat-head chisel, a gouge has a trough — to make the gouge marks of the design. Another meaning of the verb gouge is an indentation in the surface of something. If you’re not careful with the screwdriver, you’ll accidentally gouge a hole in the wall.
To gouge 的意思是在某物上打洞或凹痕，或者通过过度收费来诈骗或偷窃。如果您当地的加油站因为暴风雨即将来临而提高价格，您可能会说加油站老板在敲诈您的钱——这是违法的。
长释义：
The verb gouge means to cut or carve. You can use special chisels to gouge linoleum for interesting design in printing. As a noun, a gouge is the tool you would use — instead of a flat-head chisel, a gouge has a trough — to make the gouge marks of the design. Another meaning of the verb gouge is an indentation in the surface of something. If you’re not careful with the screwdriver, you’ll accidentally gouge a hole in the wall.
动词“凿”的意思是切割或雕刻。您可以使用特殊的凿子在油毡上凿出有趣的印刷设计。作为名词，凿子是您用来制作设计凿痕的工具（不是平头凿子，而是有槽的凿子）。动词凿痕的另一个含义是某物表面的凹痕。如果你不小心使用螺丝刀，你可能会不小心在墙上凿出一个洞。
文学例句：
Tyler had been doing this to her all week—staring at her like he wanted to gouge her with his eyes.
泰勒整个星期都在这样对她——盯着她，就像他想用眼睛挖她一样。
—Breadcrumbs by Anne Ursu
The wrist was swollen and a bit discolored, but what horrified me was a tiny, evil burn on the underside of the forearm: a cigarette burn, gouged deep and ugly in the flesh.
手腕肿胀，有点变色，但让我害怕的是前臂下面有一个微小的、邪恶的烧伤：香烟烧伤，在肉里深深地刻着丑陋的痕迹。
—The Secret History by Donna Tartt
His face was covered with old poison burns, gouges, and scar tissue, so it looked like the surface of an asteroid.
他的脸上布满了旧毒烧伤、凿痕和疤痕组织，看起来就像小行星的表面。
—The House of Hades by Rick Riordan
词源：
gouge (n.)mid-14c., “chisel with a concave blade,” from Old French gouge “a gouge” (14c.), from Late Latin gubia, alteration of gulbia “hollow beveled chisel,” probably from Gaulish (compare Old Irish gulban “prick, prickle,” Welsh gylfin “beak”). Meaning “an imposition, a cheat” is from 1845, American English colloquial.Related entries & more
下面是词源的翻译（机器翻译比较难翻，参考着看）
gouge (n.)mid-14c.，“带有凹刃的凿子”，源自古法语 gouge“a gouge”（14c.），源自晚期拉丁语 gubia，gulbia 的变体“空心斜面凿子”，可能源自高卢语（比较古爱尔兰语 gulban “刺，刺”，威尔士语 gylfin “喙”）。意思是“强加，欺骗”来自 1845 年，美国英语口语。相关条目及更多
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